瑕嗚啘鐮傛槸鐢卞痉鍦�(gu贸)鍏嬫礇瀵у崥澹簬浜屾澶ф埌(zh脿n)鏈熼枔鐧�(f膩)鏄庣殑,鍏跺伐钘濋亷绋嬫槸灏囩矇鐙€鐨勭啽鍥烘€ч厷閱涙ü鑴傝垏鍘熺爞姗�(j墨)姊版贩鍚�,鍔犵啽鏅�(sh铆)鍥哄寲.鍚庣櫦(f膩)灞曟垚鐢ㄧ啽濉戞€ч厷閱涙ü鑴傚姞娼涗紡鎬у浐鍖栧姂锛堢儚娲涙墭鍝侊級鍜屾饯(r霉n)婊戝姂閫氶亷涓€瀹氱殑瑕嗚啘宸ヨ棟閰嶅埗鎴愯鑶滅爞,鐣�(d膩ng)瑕嗚啘鐮傚彈鐔辨檪(sh铆)鍖呰鍦ㄧ爞绮掕〃闈㈢殑妯硅剛鐔旇瀺,鍦ㄧ儚娲涙墭鍝佸垎瑙ｅ嚭鐨勪簽鐢插熀鐨勪綔鐢ㄤ笅,鐔旇瀺鐨勬ü鑴傜敱绶氭€х祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)杩呴€熻綁(zhu菐n)璁婃垚涓嶇啍铻嶇殑楂斿瀷绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u),寰炶€屼娇瑕嗚啘鐮傚浐鍖栨垚鍨�. 

涓湅(gu贸)鐨勮鑶滅爞鎶€琛�(sh霉)濮嬩簬20涓栫磤(j矛)50骞翠唬涓湡,60骞翠唬鏇剧稉(j墨ng)涓€搴﹀仠鐢�.閫�(j矛n)鍏�80骞翠唬,鐢变簬姹借粖宸ユキ(y猫)鐨勮繀閫熺櫦(f膩)灞曞拰姗�(j墨)姊扮敘(ch菐n)鍝佸嚭鍙ｇ殑闇€瑕�,灏�(du矛)閼勪欢鐨勮唱(zh矛)閲忔彁鍑轰簡鏇撮珮鐨勮姹�,寰炶€屼績閫�(j矛n)浜嗚鑶滅爞鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鍜屾噳(y墨ng)鐢ㄦ妧琛�(sh霉)鐨勫揩閫熺櫦(f膩)灞�[1].1986骞存繜(j矛)鍗楅憚閫犻崨澹撴妧琛�(sh霉)鐮旂┒鎵€棣栧厛闁嬬櫦(f膩)鍑轰簡鏂板瀷瑕嗚啘鐮傜敓鐢�(ch菐n)鎶€琛�(sh霉),妯硅剛鍔犲叆閲忕敱80骞翠唬鍒濈殑6~10%涓嬮檷鍒�3~4%,鎺ヨ繎鍚屾湡鍦�(gu贸)闅涘厛閫�(j矛n)姘村钩.90骞翠唬鍒濇湡鍏ㄥ湅(gu贸)鍚勫湴鐨勮鑶滅爞寤犺繀閫熺櫦(f膩)灞曡捣渚�(l谩i),鏂扮敘(ch菐n)鍝�銆佹柊鎶€琛�(sh霉)涓嶆柗娑岀従(xi脿n),鍒�21涓栫磤(j矛),鎴戝湅(gu贸)瑕嗚啘鐮傝妤�(y猫)鐨勫勾鐢�(ch菐n)閵烽噺宸茬稉(j墨ng)閬�(d谩)鍒�90钀�(w脿n)鍣镐互涓�,寤ｆ硾鐢ㄤ簬姹借粖缂搁珨銆佺几钃嬨€侀€�(j矛n)姘ｆ绠�,鍚勯绠′欢銆佹车楂旂瓑鍚勭ó寰�(f霉)闆滈憚浠剁殑鐢熺敘(ch菐n).